Summary and Appendix

Properly designed and installed HPWH systems can significantly reduce the energy required for heating domestic water while delivering hot water with short wait times to building occupants.

As is the case with any mechanical equipment, proper application and installation leads to optimal results. HPWHs selected and installed in ways that maximize their COP have the potential to reshape the domestic water heating market while increasing the use of renewably generated electricity. They help building owners by lowering utility bills, while also benefiting utilities with decarbonization and load management strategies.